{"product_id":"1794-life-traves-philantropic-labors-of-john-howard-prison-reformer-antique","title":"1794 LIFE TRAVES \u0026 PHILANTROPIC LABORS of JOHN HOWARD PRISON REFORMER antique","description":"\u003ccenter\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 16pt;\"\u003eA VIEW OF THE LIFE, TRAVES, AND PHILANTROPIC LABORS\u003cbr\u003eof the late\u003cbr\u003eJOHN HOWARD\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eby John Aikin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePhiladelphia; 1794\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOriginal calf, worn, upper board starting to detach,  foxing\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWith armorial bookplate of Isaac Russell Cornell\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSize : 4 1\/8 by 6 3\/4\"\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eText in English\u003cbr\u003e==================================\u003cbr\u003eJohn Howard  (1726 – 1790) was an English philanthropist known for his work as an early prison reformer.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHoward began inspecting prisons while serving as High Sheriff of Bedfordshire and toured prisons across the United Kingdom and Europe using his personal fortune. Howard documented his experiences in the 1777 exposé The State of the Prisons which described the terrible conditions of these prisons in great detail. Howard became a leading authority on prison reform to Parliament and co-drafted the Penitentiary Act 1779 which introduced the first policy for state-run prisons in the United Kingdom. Howard pioneered the concept of single-celling and advocated for better cleanliness in prisons, solitary confinement, hard labour, access to religious instruction, salaried prison staff, and a greater role of rehabilitation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHoward's advocacy and writings were highly influential in prison reform in the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States, and his work continued to influence prison reform into the Victorian era. A number of prison reform and humanitarian organisations are named in his honour.\u003cbr\u003e===================================\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003c\/center\u003e","brand":"Motka","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52649397027118,"sku":null,"price":140.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0692\/8017\/0286\/files\/207637-003jpg.jpg?v=1789438341","url":"https:\/\/motka.store\/products\/1794-life-traves-philantropic-labors-of-john-howard-prison-reformer-antique","provider":"Motka","version":"1.0","type":"link"}